Combined Geophysical and Geochemical Evaluation of the Kirthar Fold Belt for Mineral and Hydrocarbon Resources

Abstract

This research seeks to characterize the mineral and hydrocarbon potential of the Kirthar Fold Belt (KFB) using an integrated approach of geophysics and geochemistry. KFB, which is located in the southwestern part of Pakistan, is one of the most tectonically active regions of the country and is made of a multi-tectonic lithology and diverse structural configurations. The geophysical approach using seismic, gravity, magnetic-resistivity surveys, and hydrocarbon and oil geochemical halo maps as well as major and trace, isotope, and hydrocarbon biomarker geochemical analysis helped to characterize potential mineralized and hydrocarbon-accumulating regions of the KFB. Interpreting both geophysical as well as geochemical information from the KFB helped in architectural reconstruction of the subsurface and identification of high probability prospective regions. Some of the highlighted findings include the identification of fault zones, as well as flexures, that are anticlines, having associated mineralized and hydrocarbon signatures indicating the presence of both resources in these zones. These findings, in conjunction with the study, serve as a precursor to the planning of integrated, resource-targeted, and technologically advanced development surveys. In this respect, higher tier energy and resource development of the BKC will be obtained from road and resource-based development of the surveyed areas which will minimize environmental strain. Higher resolution surveys and subsequent exploratory drilling are the next logical steps in research to enable resource assessment and development.

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